Islamic extremist groups, including Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), remain active around the Lake Chad Basin. These groups continue to attack Christian villages, burn churches, and abduct believers particularly in rural zones with limited state protection. Their actions contribute to insecurity and religious polarisation.
Additionally, authoritarian policies add additional pressure, and several factors like corruption and crime have made the rule of law less trustworthy. Christian converts in Muslim-majority regions face threats, beatings, and forced concealment. Even private worship can trigger punishment.