The civil war has created a lawless vacuum where militias linked to both sides feel emboldened to persecute Christians with impunity. Attacks were common in rural areas but now take place in urban areas, too. Military leaders have escalated violence against Christians by painting believers as Western agents in a growing anti-Western rhetoric. Organised crime is increasing in lawless zones, where Christians are frequently targeted with extortion and violence.
Many church buildings have been bombed, taken over, and used as bases by militias and radical groups. Christians face intense discrimination everywhere—in courts, the workplace, and schools. Converts from Islam live in constant fear and face extreme threats including social isolation, violence from militia, and rejection from their families.